Mass Media Essay - 1114 Words

Mass media has been around for decades and it has grown more rapidly as technology advances. It started with telegraphs and eventually turned into televisions, newspapers, cell phones, magazines, and the internet. The purpose of mass media is to provide news/information, education, and entertainment. With these purposes, comes the influence of all the information we are exposed to. Most might say that mass media has had a positive impact on society as it’s made communication and information easily accessible for everyone. However, what they’re not aware of is the negative influences it has brought to women’s body-image. Because of the media’s endless advertisements of what is considered â€Å"beautiful† or â€Å"perfect†, eating disorders and body†¦show more content†¦Exercising and dieting used to be emphasized for its health benefits, but nowadays, it’s more about the physical attraction it might give you. I wouldn’t consider myself to be anorexic, but what I’m trying to say here is that the media’s portrayal of women’s bodies has also made me feel as if the only way I can be considered â€Å"beautiful† or â€Å"perfect† in this society is to look like the abnormally thin models who are constantly being advertised on televisions, magazine, and all over the internet. Another thing that I found significant in Bordo’s article is when she writes about the influence that US and Britain TV programs had on women from Fiji. Bordo concludes that before television was introduced, there was no reports of eating disorders, but when â€Å"United States and Britain began broadcasting there, 62 percent of the girls surveyed reported dieting.† A country where â€Å"voluptuous† bodies were favored changed immediately as soon as they were exposed to media’s perception of a â€Å"perfect† body. This part really emphasized the power of mass media . Not only did they change the perception of women’s â€Å"perfect† body, but they prompted these women to make a change in order to be considered perfect. With media constantly plastering photo shopped or airbrushed images of â€Å"perfect† models, women continue to be dissatisfied with their bodies. They continuously compare themselvesShow MoreRelatedMass Media Essay720 Words   |  3 Pages Mass Media: Development and Literacy Assignment Emily Lewis Horne University of Phoenix HUM 186 October 30, 2017 The Major Developments of the Mass Media In the textbook, Media and Culture: Mass Communication in a Digital Age, written by Richard Campbell, it talks about wat mass media is and the mass media developments. 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With the technology we have in our world we are persuaded to believe what is right and what is wrong. Although we create our own world, our thoughts were imposed upon us since the day we are born. â€Å"What if the world is some kind of show. What if we are only talents assembledRead MoreMass Media Essay892 Words   |  4 Pages Mass Media: Development and Literacy Option A HUM/186 Nichole LeBlanc 12/04/2017 This week we learned about the different types of mass media and the formation of them. We were given insight into how much the media has changed over time and how it affects our daily lives. Over the course of history, there has been many types of media that have come about. In the last century, some of the major developments in the evolution of mass media wereRead MoreMass Media Essay739 Words   |  3 Pages Mass Media: Development and Literacy Alex Mitchell HUM/186 September 25,2017 Allyson Wells Mass Media: Development and Literacy Mass media has come a long way the past century. What started as books, newspapers, and magazines being the only way to receive any news or messages, has developed into much more than that now. The major developments in the evolution of mass media during the last century have literally changed our world and the way we get our information. These developmentsRead MoreEssay on Mass Media1405 Words   |  6 Pages1. There are different forms of social media, each with a primary purpose. For example: Bloggs: Is web site base with no online membership. Internet users post short articles, and press releases. This media is capable of reaching large audiences through texting, Video images, and links to other related media. Social Net Working Sites: yet another popular virtual community, such as, My Space, and Face book. Both sites can be used to upload pictures, videos, post messages, and create a personalRead MoreEssay On Mass Media1277 Words   |  6 PagesAlston HUM/186 September 25, 2017 Allyson Wells INTRODUCTION Mass Media reaches a large part of our audiences today, whether it be from the movies, advertising, the internet, newspapers, magazines, twitter, you tube, Instagram, Facebook and so forth and because of this it can affect how we think and believe, both personally and as a society. Today, I will address three specific areas that product mass media channels have been used and has made a difference, either to me personallyRead MoreEffect of Media and Mass Communication Essay1386 Words   |  6 PagesThe media is a powerful presence within the lives of others. It can be described as the main channel of mass communication. Media is often used to deliver a message to a large audience who are diverse. It can be written, broadcast or spoken. Media is a significant force within modern culture. 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Critical Review of Two Articles with the Concept of...

When creating the title for their book, which is dedicated to Stuart Hall, perhaps Paul Gilroy, Lawrence Grossberg and Angela McRobbie did not know that they not only found an exact citation to summarise all the works of this influencing cultural theorists, but also proposed the best phrase to describe Cultural Studies, that is without guarantee. Indeed, Cultural Studies devotes itself to questioning knowledge guaranteed to be true in society and more important, to continuously raising debates as its fundamental method to avoid any guaranteed answer. As a central concept of Cultural Studies, interpellation precisely reflects those features. First proposed by Louis Althusser in his essay Ideology and Ideological State Apparatuses†¦show more content†¦These two parts, as he interprets Althusser, rule each other out in a way that the external conditions of ideology cannot be comprehended from within ideology, the institution of interiority necessarily brings about the denial, or better a disavowal of external origin. (1993, p.76) It is in this acknowledgement are located an assumption that ideology and science are two opposed concepts and that science as the grasping of materiality is the suspension of interpellation. In other words, interpellation model of Althusser could be labelled as either - or alternative, that is, either the materiality or subjectivity; either the exterior or the interior. (Dolar 1993, p. 77). However, this distinction apparently becomes problematic when being applied to analysis the complicated situation of a theoretician who engages with scientific work and thus takes a non-subject position , yet is as much of an (ideological) subject as anybody else, the illusion being constitute for any kind of subjectivity and thus ineluctable as he cannot escape.. his non-scientific existence. (Dolar 1993, p.76) In the light of this realisation, Dolar (1993) criticises Althussers clean cut as inadequate and insufficient (p.76), explaining th at if we pull ideology and reality in different directions, there will be moments in subjects, as in the case of theoreticians, that interpellation cannot cover for we do not knowShow MoreRelatedEssay on Colonial Oppression of Women1123 Words   |  5 Pagescivilization. Literature is one of the areas where the unjust power relationships are usually portrayed. Colonial and Postcolonial studies among other critical approaches provide a suitable critical discourse to analyze this issue in literary works. Feminist discourses share many similarities with postcolonial theory and for this reason the two fields have long been associative, even complimentary; both discourses are predominantly political and concern with the struggle against oppression and injusticeRead MoreBuchi Emecheta and African Traditional Society Essay1918 Words   |  8 Pagesas well as those in the past. The realistic picture provided by the writer destroys womens contentment with the present state of affairs while giving insights into the strategies that enable women to survive the oppressions of patriarchal society. Two types of women are presented in these novels: those that concede to oppression and domination of the patriarchal society and those who try hard to exploit the exis ting institutions of their society for their best. It is mainly in these three novelsRead MoreHorizontal, Vertical and Internal Communication in an Organization7509 Words   |  31 Pagesprograms, and employee participation programs such as quality circles and team meetings. Gibson and Hodgetts (1991:268-69) note several management-based reasons for this lack of satisfaction, particularly that these strategies often do not involve two-way communication, are not packaged well, are poorly timed, and are apt to trigger defensiveness on the part of managers. In addition, McCelland (1988) found a number of employee-based reasons why upward communication tends to be poor, including: o

Romeo and Juliet Act 3 Scene 5 Free Essays

Romeo and Juliet Romeo and Juliet are from two prominent and feuding families who reside in the city of Verona, a real city in northern Italy. As far as the audience are aware, they are their parents’ only offspring, the only other ‘children’ in the family are Benvolio and Tybalt, cousins to Romeo and Juliet respectively. As only children, their parents are naturally protective of them – Juliet’s father, especially. We will write a custom essay sample on Romeo and Juliet Act 3 Scene 5 or any similar topic only for you Order Now Towards the beginning of the play, in Act 1, Scene 2, Paris asks Capulet for permission to marry his daughter. In Elizabethan times (when the play was written and performed), it was the job of the father to give away the daughter, as if she were a present or his property, rather than her own person. Rather than just give away his daughter to Paris, a young nobleman, kinsman to the prince, and someone who would be seen as a ‘good catch’ for a husband, he tells him: ‘But going o’er what I have said before, My child is yet a stranger in the world, She hath not seen the change of fourteen years, Let two more summers wither in their pride, Ere we may think her ripe to be a bride’ From this speech that Capulet is protective of his daughter, and whilst he wants her to marry a fine man (she tells Paris to come back in two years), he doesn’t want her to grow up too quickly. It would appear that he has her best interests at heart. In the following scene, we first see the relationships between Juliet and her nurse and mother. Her mother seems somewhat out of touch with her daughter, having to ask the nurse to find her†¦ (‘Nurse, where’s my daughter? Call her forth to me’) and doesn’t seem to be able to talk to her daughter, other than through the nurse or in her presence ‘This is the matter:–Nurse, give leave a while, We must talk in secret:–nurse, come back again; I have remember’d me, thou’s hear our counsel. Thou know’st my daughter’s of a pretty age.. ’ However, she does appear to have some consideration for her daughter’s feelings and wishes, as she asks her what she thinks of marrying the nobleman, and to start thinking about marriage; she also makes her speech a little more personal by putting in some of her own experience (that she was a mother at the age her daughter now is): ‘Well, think of marriage now; younger than you, Here in Verona, ladies of esteem, Are made already mothers: by my ount, I was your mother much upon these years’ Whereas Juliet seems to respect her mother (first referring to her as ‘Madam’ rather than, perhaps, mum or Mother), she seems to be more at ease talking to her nurse . It would appear that Juliet and her nurse have always been close†¦ even to the point of the nurse taking over the traditional mother’s job of breastfeeding her child. She makes a reference to this in the same scene: ‘And she was wean’d,–I never shall forget it,–Of all the days of the year, upon that day: For I had then laid wormwood to my dug,’†¦Ã¢â‚¬ËœWhen it did taste the wormwood on the nipple Of my dug and felt it bitter, pretty fool, To see it tetchy and fall out with the dug! ’ Above, the nurse talks of breastfeeding Juliet. This is, of course, very unusual in this day and age, but not quite unheard of in Elizabethan times. The fond fashion in which the nurse remembers this, however, seem to indicate that Juliet and the nurse have a strong relationship. The fact that she was breast-fed by her nurse rather than her biological mother hints that perhaps the nurse was (and is? ) more of a mother to her than Lady Capulet. The nurse also seems friendlier than Lady Capulet – by saying things such as ‘Amen, young lady! Lady, such a man as all the world – why, he’s a man of wax’ and‘ Go, girl, seek happy nights to happy days’, she seems to be more excited about Paris’s proposition than Lady Capulet. Act 3, scene 5 in some ways seems a distorted reflection of Act 1, scenes 2 and 3. Capulet has arranged to marry Juliet off to Paris, and once again it is Lady Capulet that has the job of telling her. However, the Capulets’ stances on Juliet regarding marriage have changed. Instead of wanting to protect his daughter from an early marriage, Capulet is now the one trying to rush her into it. Likewise, her mother, rather than asking Juliet for her thoughts on the matter, is telling her what is Going to happen. Juliet has just spent her wedding night with her beloved and now husband, Romeo. He has been banished to the city of Mantua for avenging the murder of his friend Mercutio. The scene starts on quite tense grounds, as Juliet has almost been caught with her lover, who is a sworn enemy of her family and faces execution if found in Verona. Simply Romeo being in the house is enough to create some tension – that Juliet is crying heightens this tension. Juliet’s mother shows herself to be a little insensitive by effectively telling her daughter that crying isn’t going to bring anyone back, and that it shows her to be a bit stupid: ‘Therefore, have done: some grief shows much of love;But much of grief shows still some want of wit. Lady Capulet then shows her ignorance of Juliet’s marriage and feelings for Romeo by telling Juliet not to weep for Tybalt’s death, but that Romeo lives. Romeo is referred to as the ‘villain’ several times – this adds emphasis to the fact that the Capulets see Romeo as a bad person. Juliet mutters, aside to the audience, that she believes that Romeo and ‘villainâ€℠¢ are ‘many miles asunder’. This confirms to the audience that Juliet and her mother have opposing views. Lady Capulet continues, calling Romeo a ‘traitor murderer’ and threatens to send someone to Mantua to murder Romeo. The audience do not want to see Romeo be murdered, now that they can see how in love he and Juliet are. Shakespeare then very cleverly crafts a speech for Juliet that has dual meaning. ‘Indeed, I never shall be satisfied With Romeo, till I behold him–dead– Is my poor heart for a kinsman vex’d. Madam, if you could find out but a manTo bear a poison, I would temper it;That Romeo should, upon receipt thereof,Soon sleep in quiet. O, how my heart abhors To hear him named, and cannot come to him. To wreak the love I bore my cousin Upon his body that slaughter’d him! ’ The punctuation at the beginning can be altered to sound differently to the audience than Lady Capulet would hear it. It could be read ‘Indeed, I never shall be satisfied with Romeo, till I behold him, dead – [dead] is my poor heart for a kinsman vex’d’,where the kinsman is the slaughtered Tybalt†¦ or ‘Indeed, I never shall be satisfied with Romeo, till I behold him. Dead is my poor heart†¦a kinsman vex’d’†¦ where Romeo isn’t dead, just a kinsman (husband) vexed (in distress). She says that if she could find a poison that would let Romeo ‘sleep in quiet’, she would temper it. Whereas Lady Capulet would see this as her daughter wanting to poison Romeo and kill him, the audience may take it as her wanting to take Romeo’s troubles (i. e. their separation) away so that he can sleep peacefully at night. More observant members of the audience may also link this to the ending of the play, where Juliet temporarily poisons herself in an effort to solve her and Romeo’s problems. When Juliet says that her ‘heart abhors to hear him named, and cannot come to him. To wreak the love [she] bore [her] cousin upon his body that slaughter’d him’, her mother takes this as not being able to lay her hands upon him†¦ but the audience obviously realises that she means that it hurts her to hear his name and not be able to be with him†¦ perhaps even to get sexual gratification out of him. The audiences may well be shocked by these lusts that are well beyond her years – remember that she is only 13. The tension at this point would be building, as Juliet is playing a dangerous game by playing with her words like this. The indication that Juliet wants to ‘wreak her love upon him’ may also have been quite shocking†¦ audiences of the time would not have been so exposed to such blatant references to sins of the flesh. When Lady Capulet declares that Juliet’s father has arranged a marriage for her in a few days, the audience may feel a quick dropping sensation in their stomachs – for they know that Juliet is already married – and therefore cannot marry Paris – and that this means that the secret marriage between Juliet and her Romeo may be discovered. She also once again shows her ignorance of Juliet’s true feelings by being under the impression that the marriage will cheer Juliet up – not make her problems worse. She uses repetition of the word ‘joy’ here to emphasise what she presumes Juliet should be feeling. Juliet strikes back by saying: ‘Now, by Saint Peter’s Church and Peter too, He shall not make me there a joyful bride. I wonder at this haste; that I must wed Ere he, that should be husband, comes to woo. I pray you, tell my lord and father, madam, I will not marry yet; and, when I do, I swear, It shall be Romeo, whom you know I hate, Rather than Paris. These are news indeed! ’ Juliet swears by Saint Peters Church and Peter too’ – Elizabethan audience wouldfind this blasphemous and shocking. She also throws her mother’s term ‘a joyfulbride’ back at her, and questions her parents wishes by saying to the effect of ‘I’mwondering about you’re wish to marry me off to someone who hasn’t even botheredto court me’†¦ then downright defies them by saying that ‘I will not marry yet’. In Elizabethan times, daughters were seen as their parents’ (and especially father’s)property, so it would have been seen within Capulet’s rights (if, perhaps, a little unfair) to ‘give away’ his daughter. The last three lines of the dialogue are broken up strategically with commas, which drag out the speech and make it seem much more powerful and effective than if it was read without these breaks. The whole speech, whilst not quite being disrespectful, is defiant and directly challenges Juliet’s parents’ wishes. The audience will feel now as if the tension is coming to a peak, as society absolutely demanded that children abided by their parent’s wishes, and that even though the marriage can’t go ahead, Juliet will be punished for trying to prevent it. When Capulet enters, he appears in a fine mood, but this soon changes when his wife informs him of their daughter’s wishes. She says that she wishes ‘the fool were married to her grave’†¦ this is the first sign of the rift created between Juliet (the younger generation) and her parents (the older generation). Capulet enquires of Juliet’s motives for not marrying Paris with the following ‘Soft! take me with you, take me with you, wife. How! will she none? doth she not give us thanks? Is she not proud? doth she not count her blest,Unworthy as she is, that we have wrought So worthy a gentleman to be her bridegroom? ’ Here, Capulet shows his apparent displeasure that Juliet isn’t thankful for her father’s arranging of this marriage – saying that she should be proud and count herself as blessed – this shows Juliet and her father’s relationship as starting to waver. He also says that Paris is ‘so worthy a gentleman’, but that she is ‘unworthy’†¦ indicating, perhaps, that he gives Paris more credit than his daughter. This shows the audience something about their true relationship and how much he values her. Bear in mind his conversation with Paris in act 1, scene 2 – where Capulet was protective of his daughter, and talked of her more like a person – whereas now he is ‘giving her away’ as if she were property. ‘Not proud, you have; but thankful, that you have: Proud can I never be of what I hate; But thankful even for hate, that is meant love. As we can see, Juliet’s relationship towards her father is quite different. Even though she can’t like that he’s arranged a marriage for her, she still respects him and is thankful that he has arranged a wedding for her in an attempt to cheer her up –because it was meant well. This makes Juliet, the child in this sce ne, seem instantlyvmore likeable to the audience – which makes anyone who tries to hurt Juliet seemless likeable. From the following person onwards, this person is Capulet: ‘How now, how now, chop-logic! What is this? ‘Proud,’ and ‘I thank you,’ and ‘I thank you not;’ And yet ‘not proud,’ mistress minion, you,Thank me no thankings, nor, proud me no prouds, But fettle your fine joints ‘gainst Thursday next,To go with Paris to Saint Peter’s Church,Or I will drag thee on a hurdle thither. Out, you green-sickness carrion! out, you baggage! You tallow-face! ’ Capulet now starts verbally assaulting his daughter, due to her not wishing to have amarriage to a man she does not know forced upon her. After calling her illogical, hethrows her own words back in her face, mocking her, telling her not to bother thanking him but just to be ready to marry Paris – because he will drag her to the church regardless. He finishes by aggressively insulting her. The way Shakespeare chooses to rapidly change Capulet’s mood like this makesCapulet appear volatile and dangerous. The audience by this point in the play havealready grown to side and empathise with Juliet, so they will oppose anything thatthreatens her. As with Juliet’s speech, the punctuation drags out the long sentences in this block of dialogue, and makes it more powerful. The speech also starts in the iambic pentameter, which follows the rhythmic beating of your heart, but then goes outslightly towards the end†¦ this can be seen to show that Capulet is getting more and more worked up in his determination to control his daughter and starting to lose control. Shakespeare also uses direct address (‘mistress minion, you’) to make the speech seem more direct and focused; asyndetic listing to make his list of words to throwback at Juliet appear longer; poetic word-play to make the speech more interesting; fricative alliteration, and violent verbs such as ‘drag’ to make the speech more powerful. Until this point it seems that there may be a chance for Juliet to brush the wedding aside and perhaps convince her parents to like Romeo – however, after this, there seems to be very little chance of that happening. The tenseness in the audience shifts from the state of Romeo and Juliet’s marriage to concern for Juliet’s welfare . After this outburst, Lady Capulet asks her husband if she is mad – although she doesn’t appear much of a mother, this may suggest that she holds her only daughter in higher regard than her husband does. It seems that perhaps this relationship isn’t quite as bad as it previously appeared. However, by trying to calm her husband, she may anger him further – this, coupled with the knowledge that Lady Capulet too thinks that this is perhaps getting a little out of hand, creates yet more tension. ‘Good father, I beseech you on my knees, Hear me with patience but to speak a word. ’ [She kneels down]’ Juliet now pleads with her father on her knees. The audience really feel the tension now, as it seems that the relationship between Juliet and her father are coming to the point of no return. Kneeling down is also a very dramatic and meaningful gesture -she is putting herself at her father’s mercy. ‘Hang thee, young baggage! disobedient wretch! I tell thee what: get thee to church o’ Thursday,Or never after look me in the face:Speak not, reply not, do not answer me;My fingers itch. Wife, we scarce thought us blest That God had lent us but this only child; But now I see this one is one too much, And that we have a curse in having her:Out on her, hilding! ’ It is at this point that Capulet really loses control. At this point the audience may startwondering how far Capulet will go. He makes references to her being killed (‘hangthee’), calls her a ‘disobedient wretch’, and directly threatens her – warning her never to look him in the face again if she isn’t at the church to marry Paris on Thursday. Heends by ordering her to be quiet – repetition of imperative commands are used here for emphasis. He also goes as far as saying that he wishes she had never been born – a shocking thing for him to say at his child. After Juliet has put herself at her fathers mercy by kneeling at his feet, to be cursed in such a manner is obviously a huge shock to the audience, and the tension is beginning to peak. Tension has been sustained for quite a long period of time now, and the audience will most likely be on the edges of their seats in anticipation for what will happen to Juliet and how this squabble will be resolved. Luckily, at this peak, the nurse decides to join the quarrel, siding with Juliet, whom it was mentioned that she was close to earlier. She stands up to her employer on Juliet’s behalf, and tells him that he is the one in the wrong: ‘God in heaven bless her! You are to blame, my lord, to rate her so. The nurse feels that defending Juliet, who is essentially just a girl she is employed to mind, is worth losing her job, tells us a lot about how strongly the nurse feels about this girl. Capulet then tells the nurse to be quiet, and dismisses her as a gossiper. The nurse changes tactics slightly and becomes more polite and diplomatic, saying that she‘speaks no treason’ and asks him politely for permission to talk (‘may not onespeak? ’). C apulet, however, is still in a foul mood, so calls her a ‘mumbling fool’ andtells her to be quiet. Lady Capulet, whilst not being on Juliet’s ‘side’, speaks in her favour as she tellsCapulet that he is being ‘too hot’ – showing that even though her husband’s word islaw, she still cares somewhat about her daughter. There is more relationship-relatedfriction, as now Lady Capulet puts herself in danger of antagonising her husband. Whilst this isn’t friction between adults and children, it is still tension that theaudience may feel. Capulet then dives into his most intense, aggressive and fuelled speech – or,perhaps more appropriately, outburst – of the scene and perhaps even the entireplay. God’s bread! it makes me mad: Day, night, hour, tide, time, work, play, Alone, in company, still my care hath beenTo have her match’d: and having now provided A gentleman of noble parentage,Of fair demesnes, youthful, and nobly train’d,Stuff’d, as they say, with honourable parts, Proportion’d as one’s thought would wish a man; And then to have a wretched puling fool, A whining mammet, in her fortune’s tender,To answer ‘I’ll not wed; I cannot love, I am too young; I pray you, pardon me. But, as you will not wed, I’ll pardon you:Graze where you will you shall not house with me: Look to’t, think on’t, I do not use to jest. Thursday is near; lay hand on heart, advise: An you be mine, I’ll give you to my friend; And you be not, hang, beg, starve, die inthe streets, For, by my soul, I’ll ne’er acknowledge thee, Nor what is mine shall never do thee good:Trust to’t, bethink you; I’ll not be forsworn. ’ Capulet starts off with an exclamation (‘God’s bread! ’) and lists the times he’s cared for her asyndetically for impact and to draw them out. The actor could possibly raise his voice list item by list item here to build tension. He goes on to rant about how he has ‘provided her’ with a ‘gentleman of noble parentage’, and other traits so desirable in the Elizabethan era – building up Paris’s image, acting proud that he has been able to ‘catch’ this man for his daughter†¦ almost holding him in awe, even – and then curses his daughter for suggesting that she will not marry him. He refers to Juliet – his own daughter – as a wretch and a ‘whining mammet’. He mocks her by throwing her own words back at her – somewhat childishly as many of the things she hasn’t actually said and Capulet has just presumed or exaggerated(such as ‘I cannot love’, ‘I am too young’ etc). This shows that he has little respect at her and is determined to get at her, regardless of what she has actually said. He threatens to throw her out: ‘Graze where you will you shall not house with me’ -he also uses the word ‘graze’ here in place of ‘live with’, reducing her to the level of cattle – and warns her that he is not joking about this by saying ‘I do not use to jest’. He then tells her that she is his property (‘And you be mine’), and that he can use her as property as he ‘gives [her] to [his] friend’. He finalizes the raving speech with his wish that she should die or live a life of misery (‘hang, beg, starve, die in the streets’ – a syndetic listing again here, used as if Capulet’s thoughts are so fuelled that he feels he must rush to spit them out) if she disagrees with him. The audience, who side with Juliet, will by now have a deep disliking of Capulet. Juliet turns to her mother. Is there no pity sitting in the clouds,That sees into the bottom of my grief? O, sweet my mother, cast me not away! Delay this marriage for a month, a week;Or, if you do not, make the bridal bed In that dim monument where Tybalt lies. ’ Here Juliet wails to the heavens, before begging her mother not to disown her as her father has done. She pleads to her mother to delay the marriage for a short period of ti me – going as far as suggesting that would commit suicide. Ironically, at the end of the play, Juliet and Romeo die together in ‘a tomb belonging to the Capulets. The watching audience knows that she wishes to delay the marriage to give her time to think things over and sort out her marriage to Romeo – however, the audience also knows that Lady Capulet doesn’t know that this is the case, and that she probably thinks Juliet is being a little childish. However, her mother replies with: ‘Talk not to me, for I’ll not speak a word: Do as thou wilt, for I have done with thee. ’ By refusing to talk to her daughter from that moment onwards, Lady Capulet effectively lands the fatal blow to the Capulets’ previously good stance with the audience. After Capulet tries to protect his daughter from an early, restrictive marriage, and then his wife siding somewhat with his daughter as she tried to gently calm him, their change in the face of the audience is quite remarkable. Romeo and Juliet are the ‘heroes’ and focus of the play; the older generation of the Capulets can now be seen by the audience as the villains. Juliet then turns to her nurse in desperation. Throughout the play so far, the nurse has been unwaveringly loyal to Juliet and has wanted for her only what she thinks is for the best. However, after asking for consolation and for a way to prevent the marriage, the nurse says: ‘Faith, here it is. Romeo is banish’d; and all the world to nothing,That he dares ne’er come back to challenge you; Or, if he do, it needs must be by stealth. Then, since the case so stands as now it doth, I think it best you married with the county. O, he’s a lovely gentleman! Romeo’s a dishclout to him: an eagle, madam, Hath not so green, so quick, so fair an eye As Paris hath. Beshrew my very heart, I think you are happy in this second match, For t excels your first: or if it did not,Your first is dead; or ’twere as good he were, As living here and you no use of him. ’ Instead of her expected reply of consolation and a method of preventing the marriage and rejoining with her husband, the nurse reminds Juliet that Romeo has been banished and won’t dare come back to see her, at least not without it being in secret. She continues, saying that she believes that in the current light of things, it would be best for Juliet to marry Paris, this man who, although noble, barely knows her, if it all. She compares Romeo to a dishcloth and Paris to an eagle – quite offensive and complementary comparisons respectively. Even though the nurse is talking sense, this is not what the audience want to hear at this point. By telling Juliet that she should leave someone that the audience love for someone that her father is forcing her to marry on threats of violence makes her almost as bad has the Capulets. The next few lines of dialogue are where Juliet and the audience finally realise that it’s the younger generation versus the older generation: ‘ JULIET Speakest thou from thy heart? Nurse And from my soul too; Or else beshrew them both. JULIET Amen! Nurse What? JULIET Well, thou hast comforted me marvellous much. Go in: and tell my lady I am gone, Having displeased my father, to Laurence’ cell,To make confession and to be absolved. Nurse Marry, I will; and this is wisely done. ’ After checking that the nurse truly means what she says (‘Speakest thou from thyheart? ’), Juliet exclaims ‘Amen! ’ What she really means is ‘so be it’†¦ this is the point where she decides to forsake any adult advice and try and sort things out for herself. The nurse doesn’t understand, but the audience does – this reinforces the idea that the way the younger generation and udience think is now different from the way the adults think. She still has respect for her father and her religion, because she says ‘Having displeased my father’†¦ ’make confession and to be absolved’ – or so it seems. After the nurse exits and Juliet is left alone, she makes one last emotional speech to the audience: Ancient damnation! O most wicked fiend! Is it more sin to wish me thus forsworn,Or to dispraise my lord with that same tongueWhich she hath praised him with above compareSo many thousand times? Go, counsellor;Thou and my bosom henceforth shall be twain. I’ll to the friar, to know his remedy: If all else fail, myself have power to die. ’ Juliet now renounces her faith in god, saying that ‘[the nurse] and my bosom henceforth shall be twain (split apart)’. There is another suicide reference at the end of this dialogue. This increases tension back from the level it sunk to after Juliet’s parents left. Because of the actions and words of the older generation in the Capulet household, Juliet is contemplating suicide. This makes the audience angry with the adults. After this scene, Juliet goes to see the only adult left that she trusts – Friar Lawrence. He gives her a draft of sleeping potion, planning to fake her death so that she can escape and be alone with her Romeo, at least until things get straightened out. Unfortunately, Romeo doesn’t receive Lawrence’s message explaining the situation to him, and thinks that Juliet is indeed dead. In his mad grief, he rushes to the Capulet family tomb to take one last look at his late wife, and meets Paris there. After a struggle, Paris is killed, and Romeo poisons himself. Juliet awakes soon after, and after dismissing the Friar who comes to offer someform of consolation, gives her Romeo one last kiss, and stabs herself with his dagger. Afterwards, Capulet, Montague, Friar Lawrence and the prince meet outside, and the friar reveals the story to all parties. Only at the end, after their offspring are dead, do they realise their errors. Act 3 scene 5 affects the rest of the play quite dramatically. If marriage wasn’t aboutto be forced upon Juliet, she wouldn’t have needed to take quite such drastic steps to reunite herself with her secret husband, and the deaths of Romeo, Paris and Juliet could all have been avoided. All that Capulet needed to do was to ask his daughter of her opinion before arranging her to be married, or for Lady Capulet to respectJuliet’s wishes to delay the marriage for a month so that she could get thingsstraightened out. In the end, the feuding families of Montague and Capulet finally settle their differences, at a price – as prince states at the end of act 5, For never was a story of more woeThan this of Juliet and her Romeo. ’ To put the play into context, readers must understand some things about Elizabethansociety. Elizabethan society was what is known as a patriarchal society – that is, a societygoverned by men. Women had very little individual power or influence, and fatherswere seen as the head of the household and were to be obeyed. Daughters wereregarded as possessions of their fathers – something that could be ‘given away’ to acandidate that the father decrees as suitable. This would have made Juliet’s arguing with her father very unorthodox and shocking –woman, arguing with her father , the man who possessed her . Children wereexpected to obey adults at all time – their word was law. Adults and children didn’thave the sorts of friendly, easygoing relationships that they we enjoy today – childrenwere to obey and not have strong opinions or an unhealthy amount of free will – bothof which Juliet possesses. Religion was also a big part of Elizabethan society. Marriage was seen as a holyevent and was also a big family event. For Juliet to have had a rushed wedding withvery few people (and no family members) present would have been very unusual tothe Elizabethan audience. The idea of suicide would also have been much more shocking to an audience in theElizabethan era. Whereas nowadays suicide is seen as taking your own life,Elizabethans had the added shock of a woman going against gods will. Towards the beginning of the scene, Juliet expresses quite explicitly that she wouldlike to ‘wreak her love upon Romeo’s body’. In these times, people are quitesaturated with references to sex and love in the media, but at the time Shakespearewrote this play, the topic was considered taboo. Audiences would have beenshocked at Juliet’s seemingly ‘unquenchable lust’. However, the scene isn’t quiteenough to repulse the audiences – it is just enough to get them excited and feel asense of risk. I think that Shakespeare was successful in creating tension with his presentation of relationships in act 3 scene 5 of Romeo and Juliet. There is already some tension inthe play, which is built upon when Lady Capulet narrowly misses catching Romeo inher daughter’s room, and Juliet dangerously plays with her wording to give it dualmeanings. The relationship heightens yet more when Juliet defies her parents bystating that she will not marry the man her father has chosen for her, and reaches apeak as her father starts hurling abuse and threats at her. How to cite Romeo and Juliet Act 3 Scene 5, Essay examples

Morality - Care - and International Law

Question: Demonstrate a good understanding of the substantive rules of international law applicable to the oil and gas industry. Evaluate the key principles of contract formation in international commercial transactions and key international law principles and trends in the oil and gas sector. Assess the effectiveness of international law in addressing the environmental impact of oil exploration and exploitation Demonstrate a critical understanding of the importance of oil and gas law as a distinct subject, studied in a practical and commercial context. Answer: Introduction Their different sorts of authorization are significant in the matter of oil and gas. The overall business intercession is expecting a fundamental part of the oil and gas industry. Of course, the oil and gas segment joins various unsafe, complicated and unreasonable operations which exist for a long extend. Remembering finished objective to attract special get-togethers in these exchanges, outstanding contracts have an individual part to play in the oil and gas industry. The handy way of the operations makes various sorts of inquiry in the organization of oil and gas sector. On the other hand, there are distinctive types of civil argument perceived in the oil and gas industry, for instance, claims relating to sum and nature of items, expert determination, claims over force, equipment related cases, a security issue, and worldwide marine. Most of the social events of oil and gas industry slant toward the agreed verbal confrontation determination get ready instead of lead it to national courts. Also, the general prudence joins a few stages, for instance, the economy, necessary approval, absence of predisposition, and practicality. Along these lines, it is more alluring over the suit. Besides, is seen as private, moderate and non-opposing for social affairs and they make a determination of their inquiry. Result of functional guidelines of global law on oil and gas industry With the help of comprehension of the social events, the legal system and rules of law applicable to the substance of overall oil and gas industry's level headed discussion. According to the Art.28 (1) of the mediation exhibit, the dialog in comprehension including benchmarks of law by the social affairs as fitting to the substance of the inquiry. The task of law or any actual structure should be either completed up or imparted by the social occasions in oil and gas industry (McKibben, 2007). The substantive standards of overall law are to a significant degree fruitful in communicating the issue of oil and gas sector. The determination of universal law is key with a particular finished objective to utilize the substantive rules in the verbal confrontation of oil and gas segment. With the help of levels of leadership recourses, the law should be driven, and the national law will apply most of the benchmarks of that law (Held, 2011). Besides that, the social affairs of the oil and gas industry may pick or transform into the judges, and they will apply the non-national, worldwide and substantive transnational rules or the standard estimation of overall law of oil and gas industry (Philander, 2012). All reference specified above are fundamental for fitting substantive principles of the overall law. It is greatly gigantic to tell that the Russian parties on occasion use the picked relevant law instead of the reliable system. On the other hand, the lawful consultants for the oil and gas industry are expecting a gigantic part in this fragment. A huge segment of the legitimate guides recommends against the references to the courses of action of substantive standards of the overall law. Besides that, the general principals of worldwide law are predominantly driven by the middle people and judges to avoid the inconveniences of inside level-headed discussion of the oil and gas industry (Held, 2011). On the reason of general principals of law, the social affairs of oil and gas industry lead towards the advancement of a system and they are hunting down the 'de-nationalize' applicable law. The universal law is material because of assertion relationship; in like manner, the principals of law should not be used when the social occasions are unequivocally agreed about the positive verification of inquiry (Kubasek and Silverman, 2008). Likewise, that kind of comprehension can't be thwarted to apply, and it was exhibited by the particular rewards of arbitral. The imperative of internationalization could be found in the all-inclusive community solicitation of the examination state's court or the relevant benchmarks; the poor decision would be seen and maintained by either lawful or arbitral remembering the finished objective to decide the level headed discussion in the oil and gas industry (Tilburg Law Review, 2010). The central principals of bond development in international commercial contacts in the oil and gas division Remembering the final objective to focus on the cross-periphery offer of produce, the right parts of worldwide business trades are accepting a massive part. The assertions for the overall offer of stock was displayed in 1988, and the United Nations Convention reviewed it with 73 countries had supported it. Also, the advancement of the understandings for the all-inclusive offer of stock and a full legitimate code of normal law were managed through the establishment of the dialog. Moreover, the honest to goodness duty of buyer and dealer in like manner decided with the help of that discourse. Likewise, the principals of overall business trade choose the break of understanding and other contract related points. On the other hand, a recorded position is displayed by the accords for the general offer of items in the philosophy of a worldwide mix of law (McKibben, 2007). Regardless, it is evident that more than 72% of each extensive arrangement trades are conceivably controlled by the unde rstandings for the current offers of items. Besides that, the hugest courses of action of rules are considered by the UNIDROIT principals on the all-inclusive business contracts. Besides, the social events of the oil and gas industry who take after the common assertion can coordinate their comprehension. Both the assertions for the overall offer of stock and UNIDROIT contract principals have their individual part to play in the global business trade and widespread trade. Examining the key overall law principals and examples, both affect the particular parts of oil and gas industry. According to the principals of all general law, the understanding joins some good segments, for instance, licenses, stipends, endorsement and impermanent gifts which are required by precepts and regulation of the oil and gas industry. The grant is indispensable remembering the deciding objective to example stock. The license reflects the underwriting of government close by assent. The permit should be spared meticulously. On the other hand, the gifts are expecting a critical part in the oil and gas industry. According to the applicable law, the award is required to keep up the business smoothly with no honest to goodness issues. Like this, the overall business trades and key all inclusive law principals affect the standards and regulation of the oil and gas part (McKibben, 2007). International law and conservational effect of the oil exploration and exploitation Due to the oil examination, the earth is all that abundantly debased and hurt. According to the all-inclusive law, the oil and gas industry puts extra thought on the oil research. The risky unsafe destructive is made by the oil examination, and it is mixed with the nearby water. The real mischief happened for both animals and human as a result of the deadly destructive. The water is being polluted which used as a part of the cropland. Remembering the final objective to deal with the items are required for the human. In light of the effect of hazardous destructive, the things pass on various sorts of ailment, for instance, hepatitis A, free entrails, lead hurting, polyomavirus malady, etc. (Philander, 2012). Of course, the compound portions in the natural liquid wastages make an original mix which debased the water of lakes and conduit. The water of the stream is used as the drinking water as a part of various areas. As to examination and entering, the recourses of that drinking water is being dirtied. Therefore, the human is impacted, and they encounter the evil effects of different diseases. Besides that, the oil examination drives the earth pollution also. Various oil associations enter the deluge woodlands with a particular deciding objective to increase their business and extension the earth contamination. As a result of the water, contamination fishes are failing horrendously, and various people need to go up against money related issues which oversee it. The deforestation is one of the basic purposes of nature illness (Philander, 2012). A broad assortment of timberland had been cut off by the oil associations to amplify their business. On the other hand, the wood is used for the b oulevards, fuel, improvement, and furniture. Furthermore, the effect of oil pollution on the human society is extraordinarily great matter. Remembering the final objective to control the environmental painting, the World Health Organization and overall law executes some practical rules and regulation. As demonstrated by the germane law, the oil associations need to clean all underground sections, loads and drains to common wastages clearing. The experts should give careful thought to nature issues. They should work more sincerely and put wastages at proper places and take the affirmation from those regular infective wastages with a particular final objective to keep up their physical condition. This way, the oil examination and abuse affect the biological pollution notwithstanding; the common law prevents the defilement through various ways (Tilburg Law Review, 2010). The distinction of oil and gas law as a distinct subject The oil and gas law should be exhibited in different sorts of Business College, universities and master's level college. The understudies should think about the centrality of oil and gas law. Various types of investigation exhibited that the law is an essential subject which constructs the human data about the precepts and regulation. Besides that, the understudies should know the oil and gas industry since it is related to nature and their lives (Kubasek and Silverman, 2008). We as a whole understood the impact of oil and gas examination, era and course on the earth. We should secure our surroundings with the help of oil and gas law. In case understudies think about the oil and gas law, then they can keep the bullying by realizing that law. On the other hand, the fuel is one of our days by day necessities for eternity. Oil and gas industry makes the fuel and offers it to us. In the midst of the creation process, packaging method and spread set up the earth is polluted by the oil and gas part. A vast segment of the agents don't conform to the principles and regulations of the oil and gas industry and spread universal wastages in everywhere. The understudies can realize the oil and gas law, and they should report it to the force of the oil and gas industry. Besides that, the teacher can moreover develop their understanding circle through the oil and gas law. As an issue of first significance, educator and instructors must grasp the speculations of oil and gas industry. After the perfect setting they up, should start teaching the understudies, and they should take a test on this basic subject (Held, 2011). The force of guideline structure should join the oil and gas law as a vital subject in their yearly syllabus. Besides, oil and gas law should be a compulsory subject for the understudies of the foundation. Additionally, the oil and gas law should be exhibited through down to earth and business association. Various adolescents are working in the oil and gas industry who have no idea about the law of oil and gas. The organization should know them about the significance of the oil and law which offers them to improve their execution, some assistance with learning, and commitment. About fresh candidate who needs to join the oil and gas ind ustry, the organization should give a sound judgment lesson to them. Nevertheless, the oil and gas law can transform into an important subject of the nation. Conclusion The oil and gas industry consolidates some particular worldwide law which chooses the rules and regulation. Of course, the all-inclusive business circumspection is best rather than a case. The legitimate reason is that the social events of the oil and gas industry need to decide the open deliberation with the help of appropriate law. They would lean toward not to visit the business court of the state. Likewise, the circumspection is the most cherished inquiry deciding technique for the oil and gas industry. References Held, V. (2011). Morality, care, and international law. Ethics Global Politics, 4(3). Kubasek, N. and Silverman, G. (2008). Environmental law. Upper Saddle River, N.J.: Pearson Prentice Hall. McKibben, B. (2007). Deep economy. New York: Times Books. Philander, S. (2012). Encyclopedia of global warming climate change. Thousand Oaks, Calif.: SAGE Publications. Tilburg Law Review, E. (2010). Preliminary Material. Tilburg Law Review, 15(1), pp.1-5.

Intercultural Communication in Phoenix Management Services Essay Example

Intercultural Communication in Phoenix Management Services Essay Intercultural communication is known as the base for international business. This paper will analyze intercultural communication focusing on Phoenix Management Services which is an organization with multicultural people. I think I can bring strategies to increase their intercultural communication skills so that they can intermingle with other individuals from any part of the world. Literature Review I will begin by examining the history of intercultural communication and examine some of the theories by researchers. The study of intercultural communication was initiated by Edward Hall and others followed suit in the 1950’s. Hall is regarded as the founder of intercultural communication which he initiated in 1951, when he started working at the Foreign Service Institute. The Foreign Service Institute was then in charge of handling cultural information in the United States. Intercultural communication did not have any resources for use in the 1960’s (Condon Yousef, 1975). It is in the 1970’s that sources, journals and societies specializing in intercultural communication emerged. Hall looked at communication using the concept of low and high context messages depending on the importance of the context of the message. In a low context message the information in the message is explicit with no unspoken or implied information. While in the high context message most of the meaning is understood and passed on by the circumstances, relationships and non-verbal messages (Hall, 1976, Habke Sept, 1993). We will write a custom essay sample on Intercultural Communication in Phoenix Management Services specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Intercultural Communication in Phoenix Management Services specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Intercultural Communication in Phoenix Management Services specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer In the low context cultures, everything is communicated by explicit information while in a high context culture communication depends on the subtleness and circumstances. This theory by Hall lowers the chances of causing offense in intercultural communication for if one has a view of a culture; they are able to take measures to adjust to another culture thus improving the chances of precise communication (Hall, 1976) Other researchers who have contributed to the intercultural communication theory are William Gudykunst and Young Yum Kim. As a navy specialist deployed in Japan, Gudykunst came up with he theory on intercultural communication while training others. Kim’s interest in communication aspects of the cultural adjustments of immigrants stems from growing up in Korea and immigrating to the United States. The two focus mainly on theoretical issues on intercultural communication. They think to understand the process of intercultural communication and improve on it effectiveness, there is a need for conceptual tools to understand what is happening (Gudykunst Kim, 1997). In their theory they clearly show that all communication is in some sense intercultural. For instance the difference between one interacting with a colleague at work who shares their ethnicity and language, and their interaction with a visiting person who shares neither is not a qualitative difference, but merely a question of the degree of strangeness. This theoretical admission is important because Gudykunst and Kim downgrade ethnicity by paving the way for a distinct understanding of culture operating at every level. Gudykunst and Kim propose four categories of culture-relation influences on the communication process. There are the cultural influences which include rules, norms and values. They classify norms and rules as sets of expected behavior for particular situations (Gudykunst Kim, 1997). Socio-cultural influences which also include norms, rules and values are keyed to social roles such as an employer or doctor and not to situations. Psycho-cultural influences are those gained by our personal experience and psychological makeup and not from our culture or society. Lastly, environmental influences relate to our expectations of behavior in a given physical environment. Gudykunst and Kim contend that high and low contexts are cultural influences while ethnocentrism and prejudice are potential psychocultural influences. They observe that though one tendency such as individualism may hold at a cultural level, any individual within that culture is free to prefer collectivism. The key strength to their theory is a new concern in to incorporate research by others and to free the individual. Ron Scollon and Suzanne Wong Scollon like Gudykunst and Kim, try to set out and apply a theoretical structure for intercultural communication. Nonetheless their goals are less ambitious. They therefore focus on interaction in formal professional context. The Scollon’s focal point is discourse systems which involve four elements; a group of ideological norms, distinct socialization processes, a regular set of discourse forms, and a set of suppositions about face interactions within the discourse system. Many systems they say cut across cultural divides. For Scollon and Wong Scollon, intercultural communication is better considered interdiscourse communication. They pay attention to describing different prominent discourse systems focusing on those used in professional communication. They reckon that if we appreciate the discourse systems used by other individuals we will converse with them well. (Scollon Wong Scollon, 1995) Analysis of Phoenix Management Services The organization I have chosen to examine is Phoenix Management Services (PMS) a property management company where I recently worked. Phoenix Management Services, Inc. was started in 1996 and so far it runs more than 25,000 units in the state of Florida. I would like to be involved with this company and improve their skills and find techniques and strategies to develop skills to interact with other cultures. While at PMS I learnt that understanding the cultural differences in a company can be the distinction between professional success and failures in meeting your goals. Exceptional intercultural communication skills are vital in today’s independent world. To improve business performing and competition one should be able to communicate freely with workmates that are representing different cultures. Daily at PMS we worked with people from different cultural backgrounds with accompanying challenges and opportunities. From my experience at PMS, if communication is healthy there is a rise in productivity and this enhances performance, originality and growth of the organization. Communication is multifaceted making it difficult to convey any message which lacks fundamental cultural connotations. Disparities in culture do have a great impact on business and social communications. By PMS applying intercultural communication skills at work it has greatly improved many interactions amongst employees. Recommendations to improve communication at Phoenix Management Services The culture in which people group up in determines how they express themselves and how they communicate with others. At work, cultural stereotypes can create tensions that lower job satisfaction and productivity. Both employee and employer benefit when they confront and move beyond their prejudices (Fantino, 2006). Discarding cultural prejudices is by no means easy and it takes time and strength of mind. I think the following strategies at PMS can help increase their intercultural communication skills in order for them to interact with other individuals from any part of the world. It is important to regard all employees as equals’ in spite of their different cultural origins, thus it better to focus on their capabilities other than their cultural origins. It is important to respect personal names, call people by the name they prefer to be called, learn how to pronounce each name correctly and also the correct order in which to say it. Turning fear into curiosity is essential. Instead of being suspicious of other groups ask yourself what all of you can learn if you went beyond your differences. Steer clear of negative statements about employees from one culture. The fact that a person made a particular mistake is not an indicator that all the people from that culture are incompetent. It is also important to have an open mind when dealing with employees from different cultures rather than distorting what you know about that culture based on a preconceived view of the world. It is not proper to believe that if an employee is unable perform a articular task properly that they will not be able to do a different one well. Given a chance to prove them, they may excel in something else. On the other hand if an employee is excellent at a given task it does not necessarily mean they will do well in the next task. In intercultural communication it is important that you avoid discriminating against employees from different cultural groups. Always ensure that they wor k under favorable conditions so that they do not feel like outcasts but feel that they are part of the company. Make sure that their colleagues are aware of the company’s policy against discrimination to avoid such incidents in the organization. It is good to use appropriate language when communicating with employees from different cultures. It pays to do a little research on what language use is satisfactory in their culture to avoid being offensive when communicating with them. It is important to avoid making judgments based on the accent, timing, and pace of a person’s speech. Different ways of speaking may strike you as haughty, subservient, or even insulting. Try to view people objectively, even if their accents seem peculiar and do not make fun of them or crack uncalled for jokes about them but instead choose to appreciate their diversity. Always endeavour to clarify cultural regulations to employees from different cultural backgrounds to make communication at the work place easy. This will enable these employees understand clearly what is expected of them while working in the organization. When communicating with employees from different cultures try to observe them and if there is something that is not clear do not be afraid to ask them so that they make it clear for better understanding. Do not be quick to pass judgment upon them. Take into account English barriers when working with employees who are not fluent in English considering that maybe it is not their first language. Take necessary measures to make sure that the message being passed across is understood as intended. Bear in mind the fact that it is strenuous to think and speak in two different languages all day long especially if English is not your first language. In intercultural communication nonverbal language is essential since it expresses emotions, objectives and responses. Go an extra mile and take on the responsibility of learning nonverbal sign of different cultures and consider the message they send. The concept of time is looked at in varied ways in some cultures, therefore it is very important to be conscious of this. When faced with a dilemma of an employee’s perception of time it is proper to discuss this and come up with a mutual understanding. It is also good to adjust interpersonal space requirements, if it is deemed necessary. Depending upon cultural practices, people may feel uncomfortable when someone is either standing close by or far off. Always take note of how close they stand when they approach and follow suit. It is also vital to pay attention to how people react when someone moves close. Finally in intercultural communication it is vital to be cautious regarding physical contact. Observe how individuals from different cultural backgrounds relate with people from their own culture. Take note also of how they interact with people in authority or of different social status. It is worth noting that excellent communication skills are useful in all intercultural communication. These skills are needed today in any working environment of an organization. It is the responsibility of those involved in the work place to enhance these intercultural communication skills. Conclusion In conclusion, the best thing about intercultural communication is the way it has acculturated our thinking of communication. Intercultural communication research took no real account of culture until the initiative by Edward Hall. Now there is a wealth of research interest in the matter. This is of theoretical benefit, because anything else may be significant in communication, and however displeasing the idea of culture may be, it remains true that culture influences communication and a full theory of communication must take account of it. More importantly, research in intercultural communication has led to increasing sophisticated investigations into cultures far removed from our own. This has resulted in greater awareness, and potentially greater understanding. Understanding is the key to good intercultural communication and this is a good thing. Special challenges to intercultural relationships include coping with differences, tending to stereotypes, dealing with apprehension, and having to give details about ourselves to strangers. References Condon, J. C. Yousef, F. S. (1975). An Introduction to Intercultural communication. New York: Macmillan Fantino, A. M. (2006). Cultures at Work: Intercultural Communication in the Canadian Workplace. Edmonton, Alberta: The Muttart Foundation Gudykunst, W. B. Kim, Y. Y. (1997). Communicating with Strangers: An Approach to Intercultural Communication (3rd ed. ) New York: McGraw-Hill Habke, A. , Sept, R. (1993) Distinguishing Group and Cultural Influences in Inter-Ethnic Conflict: A Diagnostic Model. Canadian Journal Communication. University of Calgary. Retrieved from http://hoshi. cic. sfu. ca/calj/cjc/BackIssues/18. 4/sept. html Hall, E. T. (1976). Beyond Culture. New York: Doubleday Scollon, R. W ong Scollon, S. (1995). Intercultural Communication: A Discourse Approach. Cambridge: Blackwell

The Bluest Eye essays

The Bluest Eye essays Toni Morisson's novel The Bluest Eye is about the life of the Breedlove family who resides in Lorain, Ohio, in the late 1930s. This family consists of the mother Pauline, the father Cholly, the son Sammy, and the daughter Pecola. The novel's focal point is the daughter, an eleven-year-old Black girl who is trying to conquer a bout with self-hatred. Everyday she encounters racism, not just from white people, but mostly from her own race. In their eyes she is much too dark, and the darkness of her skin somehow implies that she is inferior, and according to everyone else, her skin makes her even "uglier." She feels she can overcome this battle of self-hatred by obtaining blue eyes, but not just any blue. She wants the bluest eye. Morrison is able to use her critical eye to reveal to the reader the evil that is caused by a society that is indoctrinated by the inherent goodness and beauty of whiteness and the ugliness of blackness. She uses many different writing tools to depict how "whi te" beliefs have dominated American and African American culture. The narrative structure of The Bluest Eye is important in revealing just how pervasive and destructive social racism is. Narration in novel comes from several sources. Much of the narration comes from Claudia MacTeer as a nine year old child, but Morrison also gives the reader the insight of Claudia reflecting on the story as an adult, some first person narration from Pecola's mother, and narration by Morrison herself as an omniscient narrator. Pecola's experiences would have less meaning coming from Pecola herself because a total and complete victim would be an unreliable narrator, unwilling or unable to relate the actual circumstances of that year. Claudia, from her youthful innocence, is able to see and relate how the other characters, especially Pecola, idolize the "ideal" of beauty presented by white, blue-eyed movie stars like little Shirley Temple. In addition to narrative stru...

Causes of Financial Globalisation and Its Consequences on Developing Essay

Causes of Financial Globalisation and Its Consequences on Developing Countries - Essay Example According to Sergio (2004), in the last one hundred years, only a few countries and sectors participated in financial globalization by which capital flows tended to follow migration and was generally directed toward supporting trade flows. Capital flows took the form of bonds, and the flows were of a long-term nature. International investment was dominated by a small number of freestanding companies, and financial intermediation was concentrated in a few family groups. The international system was dominated by the gold standard, in which gold was used to backed national currencies. The turn around things came at the heals of the effects of the first world war and the great depression that saw governments reversed their position on financial globalization, and were now imposing capital controls in order to regain monetary policy autonomy with the 1950s and 1960s witnessing the lowest capital flows. This all happened because the Bretton Woods had dominated the international system and used a system of fixed but adjustable exchange rates, limited capital mobility, and autonomous monetary policies that seriously affected the developing counties. But the developing countries saw the light of day when the 1973 oil crisis shock the international community and at that time, the Bretton Woods system of fixed exchange rates break down giving the leeway for international banks with fresh funds to invest in developing countries mainly in the areas of financing public debt in the form of syndicated loans. Developing countries at that time were able to open up new avenues for capital mobility while at the same time maintaining their autonomous monetary systems.

U08d1, u08d2, u08d3 Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

U08d1, u08d2, u08d3 - Coursework Example The Sun is not  massive  enough to ever evolve into a black hole; it will end its life in about 4.5 billion years as a white dwarf  star. But, in case if the Sun's mass was suddenly collapsed into a black hole then Earth's orbit then if a one  solar mass  black hole were to suddenly replace the Sun at the center of our solar system, the orbits of the planets would not change. This is because the physical laws that determine the orbital motion of the Earth depend only on the actual mass of the Sun, and not on whether it is distributed within a sphere (like the Sun) or at a point (like a black hole). 2. "There are 1011 stars in the galaxy. That used to be a huge number. But it's only a hundred billion. It's less than the national deficit! We used to call them astronomical numbers. Now we should call them economical numbers." —Richard Feynman, American physicist, Nobel Prize Laureate When we think of an astronomical number – we probably think of a sum thatâ€℠¢s almost beyond human comprehension. We probably refer to huge numbers as astronomical because of the vast and seemingly infinite universe. But the universe may not be as big as it seems when compared to something like the national debt. This quote has been said towards the backhanded critique of government. Furthermore,  we can say that there are at least 100 billion galaxies in the universe and each galaxy containing around 1 trillion stars. That’s 1 x 10^23 or 100 sextillion stars in the universe. Hence this comparison is done against the size of the national deficit. It's a good point, and economics can provide some slightly more familiar analogies to people grappling with large numbers than trying to contemplate entire galaxies. The important point here is not that high finance is catching up with the sciences; it’s that the numbers we encounter everywhere in daily life are growing steadily larger. While the consumer was busy saving, the Federal U. S. governmen t was piling on debt at a much greater pace. In fact, during Q2 of 2008 Washington accumulated debt at a 24.4% annual rate! Therefore, even though households and state and local governments have hopefully begun to learn their lessons; D.C. still managed to increase the overall level of non-financial debt in the U.S. to a record $35.45 trillion.† 3. Picture of the week How are the stars formed within the nebula? What is causing these dramatic pillars? What thoughts and reactions do you have to the pictures and their descriptions? All stars are formed from nebulae (the plural of nebula). Nebula is a term for a cloud of gas, and stars form from gas. Many nebulae or stars form from the  gravitational collapse  of gas in the  interstellar medium. As the material collapses under its own weight, massive stars may form in the center, and their  ultra violet radiation ionizes  the surrounding gas, making it visible at optical  wavelengths. Star formation  is the process b y which dense parts of  molecular clouds  collapse into a ball of  plasma  to form a  star. These eerie, dark pillar-like structures are actually columns of cool interstellar hydrogen gas and dust that are also incubators for new stars. The pillars protrude from the interior wall of a dark molecular cloud like stalagmites from the floor of a cavern. They are part of the "Eagle Nebula" M16, a nearby star-forming region 7,000 light-years away in the

Professional Associations Membership Assignment

Professional Associations Membership - Assignment Example This assignment is based on the function and future endorsement techniques of NAHC. The National Association for Home Care and Hospice is one of the largest nursing associations in the United States of America. The main function of NAHC is to provide skilled nursing facility to patients after hospital care. Nursing is an important art and it requires enormous knowledge and patient handling skills to achieve success. NAHC mainly takes charge of inpatients after they are discharged from hospitals. The organization is responsible for providing nurses and healthcare tools as prescribed by hospitals. Mostly elder people are the members of NAHC. Implementation of new and advanced technologies has helped the organization to reach new heights. It has been observed that in United States the fall rate of elderly people are high. NAHC will reduce the fall rate at huge extent. NAHC has incorporated orientation tour programs and several other methodologies in order to work smoothly and take care of patients. The organization is large because it consists of many facilities along with healthcare providers. NAHC is also responsible for taking care of pregnant women and children due to involvement of many employees. NAHC is one of the leading homecare nursing organizations. The organization provides some essential benefit to their existing members. First of all, NAHC provides expert advice in just one call. NAHC also provides expert advice from health care laws. The organization provides latest information and complete analysis to providers. The organization provides research methodologies to their existing customers which enhances their working ability. NAHC fights for member’s interest before White House and Congress. For benefit of providers, the organization provides different types of network with their colleagues. Notes are provided along with strategic programs for upgrading the knowledge and making the nursing process

Technology to Reduce Employee Stress

Technology to Reduce Employee Stress STRESS BREAKER METHODOLOGY AND SYSTEM ANALYSIS DESIGN DOCUMENT INTRODUCTION Computers are extremely proficient devices in that they help us with accomplishing more work in less time yet taking a shot at a Computers can be intense on the clients body and brain. This type of work can be stressful and can cause health issues related to brain. Stress is characterized as the bodily and intellectual reaction to intense conditions. Stress is one of the blazing issues that organizations have to deal so that employees can easily produce quality work [2]. Many researchers are of the view that stress has a negative impact on employees performance but at the same time researches have proved that some stressful work conditions are critical to keep employees productive [2]. Stress cannot be eliminated completely as it serves as a driving force if kept at a certain level, so stress needs to be managed [1]. The main focus of this article is to review the literature about the effects of stress and its consequence and how work stress can be managed by taking frequent short breaks in what way music helps to overcome work stress. The relevance review is presented here below. OBJECTIVE Fortunately, stress can be managed by taking frequent short breaks but users often forget to take breaks. As a potential solution, an application will be developed, that gently notifies users to take a break and plays users favorite music based on their consent. This application will be incredibly useful for a lot of people who often forget to take breaks and could increase their productivity. METHODOLOGY In simple terms, methodology is nothing but a system of methods used to develop Application.   The main goal of these methodologies is to make the process more predictable and efficient [11]. Software Development Process Model (SDLC) It is a process of creating or altering information systems, mythologies and models [6]. The Software Development Process Model used to develop this Application is LINEAR-SEQUENTIAL LIFE CYCLE MODEL. It is also referred to as a Waterfall Model. In recent times, the prominent methodological approaches for developing software for a computer based information system are the popular traditional linear-sequential life cycle model [4].As the name itself specifies that the Application development process will be in linear sequential flow. Waterfall model uses a linear approach and is suitable for sequential or procedural design. Fowler [2] confirms that waterfall model divides application based on activities: requirement analysis, design, coding and testing. In The Waterfall approach, complete process of Application development is divided into separate phases. Each phase must be completed before the next phase can begin and there is no overlapping in the phases. The phases involved in waterfalls model are five and they are analysis, design, implementation, testing and operation and maintenance [4]. Fig. The phases of a Waterfall Model (Adapted from Pfleeger and Atlee [4] The sequential phases involved in stress Breaker application development are: Analysis: Analysis describes that what are the requirements needed to develop software system. In general terms it refers to requirement analysis or gathering [1]. This is the first phase in which requirements are gathered from building stress breaker Application. The requirements include Functional Requirements Non- Functional Requirements A functional requirement describes the functionality of the System that is what the Application does with the computation. Use cases are a means to typically capture functional requirements in UML. USE CASE DIAGRAM Represents Dynamic behavior of the Application Use case diagram consists of Actors Use Cases Relationships USE CASE DIAGRAM FOR STRESS BREAKER APPLICATON Steps of execution 1.The user runs the application. 2. After Time event a message box will be displayed The message box contains text and buttons 3. The user can click any button based on his choice Listen music button Cancel button 4a.The user click Listen music button. User gets choice to select the music folder from his desktop Displays playlist message box User has the choice to select previous song ,Next song and Stop song 4b. User click cancel button. Message box is closed Description The user runs the application on his desktop after a specified amount of time period the application executes and display a pop-up Message box. The Message box contains a message and  two buttons. First button has text Listen music when the user selects it, he has a choice to select a  song from music folder from his system. After selecting the music folder a playlist will be displayed providing the user with three more option buttons. The first button is to play previous song. The  next button is for Next Song. Third Button is for stop song. If the user is too busy with his work  or any other important project he has a choice to cancel the message box window by using the cancel button. Functionalities in stress breaker are:   1. The Application executes and displays a pop-up Message box.   2. The Message box contains a message and two buttons. First button has text Listen music The second button is for cancelling. 3a. If the user presses the listen music button user had a choice to select any music folder in his system. 3b. After selecting Music folder user has a choice to select songs of his choice. 4. If the user clicks cancel button the message box will be closed. SYSTEM DESIGN System Design helps in specifying hardware and system requirements and also helps in defining Overall system architecture. NON-FUNCTIONAL REQUIREMENTS Unlike functional requirements Non-functional requirements place constraints on how the system will do .They refer to application non-functional properties, system qualities such as security,accuracy,performance,cost,usability,adaptability,interoperability,reliability and so on.. Typical non-functional requirements include: System information used to develop this application OS Name-Microsoft Windows 10 Pro Version-10.0.14393 Build 14393 Processor-Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-5300U CPU @ 2.30GHz, 2301 Mhz,  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚   2 Core(s), 4 Logical Processor(s) Installed memory (RAM)-8.00 GB (7.88 GB usable) System type  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚   -64-bit Operating System,x64-based processor State chat Diagram It describes different states of a components in an Application. State chart diagram describes the flow of control from one state to another state in an application. Implementation This phase is concerned with the physical construction of the software as set out in the design stage. Software requirements needed to develop this application are Programming language Python was chosen for the development of this Application Python 3.5 is used in implementing the code for this application. Python is a widely used general-purpose, high-level programming language [10] [9] [6]. It is fast and powerful programming language and it is portable. Python scripts can be used on different operating systems such as: Windows, Linux, UNIX, Amigo, Mac OS, etc. Python is open source .Even though all rights of this program are reserved for the Python institute, but it is open source and there is no limitation in using, changing and distributing [3]. CONSTRAIN REQUIREMENTS GRAPHICAL USER INTERFACE (GUI) This application is designed using python graphical User Interface (GUI) named Tkinter. Graphical User Interface (GUI) Tkinter is a standard interface that is distributed with Python interpreter. It provides the essential tools for designing GUI. Generated GUIs are in pmw format and they have a similar look on the different platforms. Tkinter are the basic interfaces for designing GUIs in Python [3]. PYGAME MODULE In python programs, code normally contains functions and variables. So when the user quit from our interpreter, all definitions are lost. As user codes get longer, it gets very inconvenient to redefine all the values for variables. To solve this problem, the user has a solution: To support this, Python has a way to put definitions in a file and use them in a Script or in an interactive instance of the interpreter. Such a file is called a module. Module: A module is a file containing Python definitions and statements [5]. Pygame is a set of Python modules designed for writing games and multimedia. It is highly portable and can run nearly every platform and operating system [5]. In this Application pygame feature are used for playing songs. It contains an excellent function for controlling streamed audio. The music module is closely tied to pygame mixer. Here downloaded mp3 songs are converted into the OGG because mp3 support is limited. On some systems an unsupported format can crash the program [7]. INTEGRATED DEVELOPMENT ENVIRONMENT (IDE) IDE used to develop this Application is Pycharm. It is one of the integrated development environment (IDE) used in python programming language. Programming code used to develop this application is interpreted in pycharm. Installation process: Step1:Download python 3.5 from python official website www.python.org based on users operating system Step 2:Install it on users system Step 3:Download pygame from python binaries Location [12]. Step 4:Go to python IDLE folder and then scripts and paste the pygame files in that location Step 5:Go to command prompt type PIP install pygame Step 6: pygame is successfully installed n users computer Step 7: Go to pycharm official website [8] and download pycharm and install it. INTEGRATION AND TESTING After the implementation phase the coding is tested by using pycharm debugger and interpreter. MAINTENANCE After the delivery of the Application, a schedule maintenance and support is put into place, to ensure the Application continues to work as designed. ACCURACY AND PRECISION Since this is a desktop application there is less percentage of failure. Cost: This application is inexpensive to develop because the main requirements, develop this application that is python, pygame are open sourced. They can be downloaded for free from their official website. Usability This application is easy to use. Look and feel standards: Pycharm provides many keyboard shortcuts to run the Application F5 To run the python Application in python (IDLE) Alt+Shift+F10-To run the python Application in pycharm Alt+Shift+F9-To debug python Application in pycharm. Modifiability One good thing about python Tkinter is it has many GUI properties available that make the application even more attractive and efficient. Extra GUI properties that can be added to this application is color texts, scroll bar, bold text and many other features. Response time The response time depends on the user choice. Since, this an alert application which breaks the employee stress. The response time depends on the time set by the user. For example, if the user wish to have breaks for every 50 minutes. Then the response time of the application would be 50 minutes. That is after every 50mintues a pop up box will be displayed specifying the user to take breaks and listen the music of his choice. Activity Diagram Activity diagram is basically a flow chart to represent the flow from one activity to another activity. Processing time The processing time for this application is quick. When the user click the listen music button with in no time delay it automatically opens the folder window so that user can select music folder. When the user selects music folder, it imports all the songs from the music folder and display on the playlist. Overall performance time to run this application less than half minute, which is a very short time. Advantage The main benefit of using a waterfall model in developing stress Breaker Applications is it is inexpensive and quick. TOOLS INSTALATION STEPS TO INSTALL PYTHON3.5 In order to use Python, user must install python on his/her computer. Go to the python website www.python.org Click on the Download   menu choice Click on the Python 3.5 Once user downloaded the file , open it.(Double click it) Installation starts Click finish to exit the installer. STEPS TO INSTALL PYGAME User should make sure that his path variable includes both python directory and the scripts directory. Go to http://www.lfd.uci.edu/~gohlke/pythonlibs/#pygame Click and download pygame package (64bit/32bit) Go to python IDLE folder and then scripts and paste the pygame files in that location. Now user is ready to install pygame. At the command prompt, user should make sure whether he is in the same directory of python and the type pipinstallpygame: Successfully installed pygame. STEPS TO INSTALL PYCHARM Go to www.jetbrains.com Select IDE Option and select python ide for professional developers. Click on download Select the operating system. There is community and Professional edition. Based on user preference he/she can download it. It starts installing The user needs to accept the license. Successfully installed pycharm. CONCLUSION The purpose of this review was to study affirms that workload is one of the reasons for Stress that can be decreased by taking short breaks and Listing to employee choice of music. Stress cannot be completely eliminated, but can be decreased. A simple solution to this is developing an application that help users to overcome from stress by notifying them to take breaks at regular intervals and indulge them in a brain refreshing activity like listening to music. REFERENCES [1] Bennett, S., McRobb, S. Farmer, R. (2002). Object- Oriented Systems Analysis and Design Using UML Berkshire: McGraw-Hill Education. [2] Fowler, M. (2004), UML Distilled a Brief Guide to the Standard Object Modelling Language, Boston: Pearson Education, Inc. [3]Masoud Nosrati, Sahneh Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sahneh,Python: An appropriate language for real world programming , World Applied Programming, Vol (1), No (2), June 2011. 110-117 ISSN: 2222-2510  ©2011 WAP journal. www.waprogramming.com 110 [4] Pfleeeger, S.L. Atlee, J.M. (2006). Software Engineering: Theory and Practice, 3rd Edition. US: Prentice Hall. [5]Nizamuddin, Shreshth Kumar, Rishab Kumar, RESEARCH PAPER ON ENDLESS FUN, Dept. Inform Technology, SRM University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, May. 2016. [6] Rob, M.A. (2004). Issues of Structured Vs. Objectoriented Methodology of Systems Analysis and Design. Issues in Information Systems, 5 (1). [7]https://www.pygame.org/docs/ref/music.html [8]https://www.jetbrains.com/pycharm/ [9]Programming Language Trends OReilly Radar. Radar.oreilly.com. 2 August 2006. [10] TIOBE Software Index (2011). TIOBE Programming Community Index Python. [11]Ronald G. Wolak, System Development: Research Paper 1 SDLC on a Diet, to Nova Southeastern University, April 2001. [12]http://www.lfd.uci.edu/~gohlke/python.. CONTENT This paper mainly focuses on Methodology needed to develop an Application which helps the user to come out of stress by providing breaks in regular intervals and listen to user favorite choice of music. The software development process model used to develop this application is linear sequential life cycle model. The phases involved in waterfalls model are five and they are analysis, design, implementation, testing and operation and maintenance [4]. In analysis phase all the requirements are gathering in order to develop this application. The functional requirements in stress breaker application are The Application executes and displays a pop-up Message box. The Message box contains a message and two buttons. First button has text Listen music the second button is for cancelling. If the user press the listen music button user had a choice to select any music folder in his system. After selecting Music folder user has a choice to select songs of his choice. If the user clicks cancel button the message box will be closed. In design phase all the hardware components, system requirements are listed above such a Ram capacity, operating system and processor. The operating system is Windows 10, Ram capacity is 8.00 GB and processor is Intel (R) Core (TM) i5-5300U. In third phase that is implementation phase all the software requirements that are needed to develop coding are listed such as a programming language, integrated development environment, software. Programming language is python 3.5, IDE is Pycharm, python module is a pygame. The development code is tested in pycharm IDLE. This Application is easy to maintain and inexpensive, because all the software components needed to develop this application are open sourced and can be easily downloaded and installed. So stress breaker application is easy to maintain and easy to use.

Sunspots Essay -- Essays Papers

Sunspots Our Sun continuously converts hydrogen into helium and with this process it provides the essentials for life processes. In doing this it controls â€Å"our climate, provides light, raises tides, and drives the food chain† (Schaefer 34). Our Sun also has influenced many beliefs now and in the past. History has documented Sun worshipping religions while many current societies use solar calendars (Schaefer 34). Because the Sun is so influential, imperfections of the Sun, such as sunspots will continue to impact life on Earth. The discovery of sunspots is correlated with the invention of the telescope in 1608, although there are earlier recordings of sunspot like activity from China (Schaefer 35). Galileo was one of the astronomers who decided to publish his findings and use sunspots in one of his theories of Chief World Systems (Schaefer 35-6). Today many patterns including real estate sales to fluctuations in the climate have been attributed to the cycle of sunspots. These fluctuations may be an explanation of the decline of Sun worship in India due the increased sunspot activity during the time of the Medieval Maximum. Throughtout history these fluctuations have been omens (e.g. a slave revolutionists incited a riot when he interpreted the site of a large black area on the Sun as the black taking over the white) (Schaefer 38). There are also modern examples of solar fluctuations affecting the Earth like the delayed launch of the Hubble Telescope (Schaefer 38) and the disruptions in electrical and radio technology during solar flares due to increased activity of sunspots at the last solar maximum in 1989. Sunspots are the most apparent features on the Sun’s surface or photosphere. Anyone could use a filter such as a welder’s helmet to observe groups of sunspots. A sunspot consists of two regions, the umbra and the penumbra. The temperature of the umbra can be as low as 4,000 K and the penumbra that surrounds the umbra has a temperature of about 5,500 K which contrasts to the photospheric temperature of 6,000 K. The difference in temperatures makes the sunspots appear dark against the brightness of the photosphere (Nicolson 123). A sunspot’s average size is comparable with the Earth. They form in regions of concentrated magnetic fields. These fields hamper the flow of energyn to the affected area. The magnetic fields on... .... This project will hopefully enable scientists to learn more about sunspots and other properties of the Sun. Understanding more about sunspots, their cycle, radiation, and magnetic properties will facilitate scientists to unlock the mysterious workings of the Sun. With today’s technology this understanding will come more quickly. Knowledge of sunspots may lead us to be able to predict when solar activity could affect the Earth like it did during the solar max in 1989. Information like this could eventually allow us to be able to protect ourselves from solar radiation. Works Cited â€Å"Analyzing Variation in the Sun’s Radiation†. USA Today. 26 2637 (1998) : 11-12. Nehru, K.V.K. Glimpses Into the Structure of the Sun—Part 1 The Nature of Stellar Matter. March 22, 2001. . Nehru, K.V.K. Glimpses Into the Structure of the Sun—Part 2 The Solar Interior and the Sunspot. March 22, 2001. Nicolson, Iain. Unfolding Our Universe. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1999. 123-4; 276+ Philips, Tony Dr. â€Å"The Sun Does a Flip.† SpaceScience. Feb. 15, 2001. March 19, 2001. . Schaefer, Bradley E. â€Å"Sunspots that changed the World.† Sky & Telescope. 93.4 (1997). 34-38.